Start from the output
An analyst often focuses on questions, metrics, and decisions. An engineer builds reliable ways to move, transform, and serve data. A scientist may develop and evaluate statistical or machine learning approaches. Actual roles can overlap.
Share a strong foundation
SQL, data quality, and clear communication help across these roles. Practice checking a dataset, documenting assumptions, and explaining a result before adding more tools.
Try one end-to-end project
Take a raw dataset through cleaning, a simple data model, and a dashboard. Notice which stage you enjoy most. Use that experience to choose the next specialization.